| Country | USA |
| Capital city | Santa Fe |
| Area | 314,916 km² |
| Population | 2,117,522 people (2020) 6.72 people/km² |
| Governor | Susana Martinez |
| Time zone | Mountain: UTC -7/ -6 |
| ZIP code | NM |
| ISO 3166-2 | NM US-NM |
| Official site | www.newmexico.gov |
| New Mexico | |
New Mexico (English: New Mexico; Spanish: Nuevo México, literally translated “New Mexico”) is a state in the United States, whose zip code is NM, and the capital is Santa Fe. New Mexico has a population of 2,085,109 (2015). The total area of the state is 315,194 km².
Geography
New Mexico borders Arizona to the west, Colorado to the north, Texas and Oklahoma to the east. New Mexico also touches the southeastern corner of the state of Utah. Part of New Mexico’s southern border is adjacent to the United States-Mexico border, where New Mexico borders the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Sonora.
New Mexico’s eastern border lies at 103° longitude with the state of Oklahoma, and 5 km west of 103° W longitude with Texas. To the south it borders the state of Texas and the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Sonora. The states of New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and Utah meet in the northwest corner of New Mexico. New Mexico is a vast area with little water. The water area is only about 650 km². The average rainfall in New Mexico is only 380 mm/year.
The landscape varies from vast deserts to high rocky plateaus and high snow-capped mountains. Despite New Mexico’s arid appearance, a significant portion of the state, especially in the north, is covered with heavily forested wild mountains. The Sangre de Cristo Mountains, the southernmost part of the Rockies, run roughly north-south along the east bank of the Rio Grande. The most important rivers in New Mexico are the Rio Grande, Rio Pecos, San Juan, and Gila. The Rio Grande is the third longest river in the United States.
Cacti, yucca, creosote bush, sagebrush, and desert grasses cover the vast semiarid plains that cover the eastern part of the state.
The federal government protects millions of acres of New Mexico as national forests. They are:
- Carson (National Forest)
- Saibola (National Forest)
- Lincoln (National Forest)
- Santa Fe (National Forest)
- the Hyla desert
Other protected lands include the following monuments and parks:
- Aztec Ruins (National Monument)
- Bandelier (National Monument) in Los Alamos
- Capulin Volcano (National Monument)
- Carlsbad Caverns (National Park)
- Chaco (National Historic Park)
- El Malpais (National Monument) in Grants
- El Morro (National Monument)
- Fort Union (National Monument)
- Hilla Cliff Dwellings (National Monument) near Silver City
- Pecos (National Historic Park)
- Petroglyph (National Monument) near Albuquerque
- Missions Salinas Pueblo (National Monument)
- White Sands (National Monument) near Alamogordo
Visitors interact with New Mexico’s preserved Pueblo Indian tribes . Tourists visiting these places bring significant funds to the state. Other areas of geographic and panoramic interest are the Kasha-Kituwe Tent Rocks National Monument and the Valles Caldera National Reserve. The Gila Wilderness is located in the southeast of the state.
History
Symbols of the Southwest, chili peppers and a bleached cow skull, hang in a Santa Fe market
The first known settlers of New Mexico were members of the Clovis culture. In fact, the culture is named after a town in New Mexico where the first archaeological remains were discovered. Later settlers included Native Americans of the Anasazi and Mogollon cultures . At the time of European contact in the 1500s, the area was inhabited by the Pueblo, Navajo, Apache, and Yute peoples. Francisco de Coronado organized a great expedition in 1540 – 1542 to search for the mystical Seven Cities of Cibola Gold described by Alvar Nunes Cabeza de Vaca, who has returned from an eight-year torturous journey from Florida to Mexico. Coronado’s people did not find rich cities of gold, but instead several Indian settlements in the wilderness. Subsequent expeditions also did not discover the famous cities of the Southwest.
50 years later, Juan de Oñate founded the Colony of San Juan on the banks of the Rio Grande River in 1598, which was the first permanent settlement of Europeans in the future state of New Mexico.
In 1609, Pedro de Peralta, who later became governor of the province of New Mexico, founded the settlement of Santa Fe at the foot of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains.
Demographics
Albuquerque is located in the central part of New Mexico, it is the largest city in the state. It is home to the University of New Mexico
Las Cruces is located in the southern part of New Mexico, it is the second most populous city in the state. It is home to New Mexico State University
Santa Fe is about 60 miles northeast of Albuquerque and is the state’s capital and fourth largest city.
Roswell is located in the southeastern part of the state and is the fifth largest city
Population
According to the United States Census Bureau, as of July 1, 2008, the population of New Mexico was 1,984,356, an increase of 165,315, or 9.1%, since the last census in 2000 . This includes a natural population increase of 114,583 compared to the previous census (235,551 births minus 120,968 deaths) and a mechanical increase of 59,499 due to migration into the state. Immigration from outside led to an increase of 34,375 people, and that from other states to an increase of 25,124 people.
According to statistics, 7.2% of New Mexico’s population is under 5 years of age, 28% under 18, 11.7% over 65 years of age.
Women represent approximately 50.8% of the population.
In 2006, the state’s foreign-born residents were 8.2% of the population.
Cities
| Order | City | District | Population |
| 1 | Albuquerque | Bernalillo | 518 271 |
| 2 | Las Cruces | Doña Ana | 89,722 |
| 3 | Rio Rancho | Sandoval | 75,978 |
| 4 | Santa Fe | Santa Fe (County) | 73 199 |
| 5 | Roswell | Chavez | 45,569 |
| 6 | Farmington | San Juan | 42,425 |
| 7 | Alamogordo | Otero | 35,607 |
| 8 | Clovis | Curry | 33 182 |
| 9 | Hobbes | Leah | 29,602 |
| 10 | Karsbad | Eddie | 25,033 |
Counties
According to Countryaah, New Mexico consists of 33 counties.
| Top 5 counties in New Mexico by population 2007 As calculated by the US Census Bureau |
|||||
| Ord | District | Population of souls |
Area km² |
Population density persons/km² |
Biggest city |
| 1 | Bernalillo | 629,292 | 3020 | 208 | Albuquerque |
| 2 | Doña Ana | 198,791 | 9860 | 20 | Las Cruces |
| 3 | Santa Fe | 142,955 | 4944 | 29 | Santa Fe |
| 4 | San Juan | 122,427 | 14,281 | 9 | Farmington |
| 5 | Sandoval | 117,866 | 9609 | 12 | Rio Rancho |
The 33 counties of New Mexico are:
- Bernalillo
- Valencia
- De Baca
- Doña Ana
- Eddie
- Grant
- Guadalupe
- Catron
- Cibola
- Colfax
- Quay
- Curry
- Lincoln
- Leah
- Los Alamos
- Moon
- McKinley
- I have to
- Otero
- Rio Arriba
- Roosevelt
- San Miguel
- San Juan
- Sandoval
- Santa Fe
- Sierra
- Socorro
- Taos
- Torrance
- Harding
- Hidalgo
- Chavez
- Union
Race and Ethnicity
According to the US Census Bureau, 1.5% of the state’s population is multiracial (of mixed race), with a majority of both Asian and Hawaiian-Polynesian ethnic groups. In 2004, New Mexico had the highest percentage (43%) of Hispanics of any state. Some of them are newly arrived emigrants, and others are descendants of Spanish colonialists. The state of New Mexico has the third largest percentage of Native American population after Alaska and Oklahoma.
Hispanics, descendants of Spanish colonialists and recent immigrants from Mexico, make up the largest portion of the state’s population, with most living in northern, central, and northeastern New Mexico. Legal and illegal Mexican immigrants are overwhelmingly located in the southern part of the state near the Mexican border. Descendants of white American settlers, mostly of Irish-English and Spanish origin, who came from other parts of the United States, live mainly in the western, southwestern, and southeastern parts of the state, as well as in the larger cities. The northeastern part of the state is mainly populated by Native American people, the largest being the Navajo and Pueblos tribes.
Due to strong American, colonial, Mexican, and Native American cultural influences, the state’s demographic processes and culture are unique in their own right.
Languages
According to the 2000 census, 28.7% of the state’s population over the age of 5 spoke Spanish in a family setting, while 4.5% spoke the Navajo language.
Spanish is often considered to be the official language alongside English due to the widespread use of Spanish in the state. Although the state’s first constitution of 1912 provided for bilingual government, New Mexico has no official language. However, state governments issue driver’s licenses, ballots, and other important documents in both languages (there is a requirement that ballots also be printed in Spanish under a special federal law). The state constitution stipulates that all laws for the next 20 years enacted by the legislature must be published in both English and Spanish immediately after they are promulgated.
In 1995, New Mexico adopted the bilingual song New Mexico – Mi Lindo Nuevo México (from Spanish for “My Beautiful New Mexico”) as its state anthem.
Religions
Religious affiliation
According to a report prepared by the Association of Statistics of American Religious Organizations, the most common denomination in 2000 was Catholicism with 670,511 followers, followed by Baptists with 132,675 followers, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 42,261, and the United Methodist church with 41,587 followers.
According to a 2008 study by the Church Research Center in Washington, New Mexico residents generally defined their religious affiliation as:
- Roman Catholics – 26%
- Evangelicals – 25%
- With unspecified religious affiliation – 21%
- Protestants – 15%
- Other religions – 12%
- No response – 1%
Santa Fe (New Mexico)
| Country | USA |
| State | New Mexico |
| District | Santa Fe |
| Area | 96.90 km² |
| Highness height | 2194 m |
| Population | 83,776 people (2017) 865 people/km² |
| Founding | 1610 |
| ZIP code | 87500–87599, 87500, 87502, 87506, 87510, 87512, 87514, 87517, 87519, 87522, 87527, 87530, 87532, 87535, 87538, 87535, 87535, 87535, 87535, 8753, 8753, 8753, 875, 875, 875, 875, 875, 875, 875, 875, 875 87559, 87563, 87566, 87570, 87573, 87577, 87582, 87586, 87589, 87592, 87596 |
| Telephone code | 505 |
| Vehicle code | without value |
| Official site | santafenm.gov |
| Santa Fe | |
Santa Fe (in Spanish and in English: Santa Fe, translated from Spanish “Holy Faith”) is a city and the capital of the state of New Mexico in the United States. Santa Fe is also the county seat of Santa Fe County. Santa Fe has a population of 83,776 (2017 est.). The total area of the city is 96.90 km² (37.40 mi²).
Santa Fe is located at 2,132 meters (7,000 ft) above sea level, making it the highest US state capital of all 50 capitals.
As in other cities in America, in Santa Fe, smoking is completely prohibited in restaurants and public places, and there are not even designated sections for smokers in them.
San Miguel Chapel, the oldest church building in the United States, built in 1610.
Twin Cities
- Bukhara, Uzbekistan
- Parral, Mexico
- Santa Fe, Spain
