| Country | USA |
| Capital city | Tallahassee |
| Area | 170,304 km² |
| Population | 21,538,187 people (2020) 126 people/km² |
| Governor | Ronald Desantis (R) |
| ISO 3166-2 | US-FL |
| Official site | myflorida.com |
| Florida | |
Florida (in English: Florida) is a state in the United States, whose zip code is FL, and whose capital is Tallahassee. Florida has a population of 20,984,400 (2017 est.). Florida has a total area of 170,305 km², of which 139,544 km² is land and 30,761 km² (18.1%) is water.
History
Until the discovery of Florida by Europeans, the peninsula was inhabited primarily by the Seminole Indian tribes.
In 1513, in search of “Bimini” – the land of eternal youth according to medieval legends, the Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de Leon discovered the east coast of Florida and declared the area a possession of the Spanish crown. He called it la tierra florida (“flowering land”). The first city founded in the state was St. Augustine (present-day St. Johns County) in 1564.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, Florida was the scene of bloody battles between the Spanish, the French and the English. On February 10, 1763, Great Britain, France and Spain concluded the Peace Treaty of Paris. Britain gets Florida in exchange for Havana. After the American War of Independence, Spain regained the peninsula. In 1819, she sold this marshland to the United States for $5 million and a relinquishment of all claims to Texas.
The American Civil War
Two Seminole Wars (Americans vs. Indians) were fought on the state’s territory from 1832 to 1845.
On March 3, 1845, Florida became the 27th state of the United States. The population is growing very slowly. White colonists continued to encroach on lands used by the Seminoles, and the American government was determined to make efforts to move the remaining Seminole population to the West. Thus arose the Third Seminole War (1855 – 1858) and ended with the emigration of the Indians.
During the American Civil War, Florida sided with the Confederacy (Southern States), which were subsequently defeated, and the large plantations worked by slaves ceased to exist. In 1929, when the stock market crashed, the Great Depression brought a period of stagnation. In the mid-twentieth century, Florida was the least known of the southern states.
At the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, more and more tourists began to show interest in the “sun-bathed state”. Now 40 million people a year visit Florida, and many Americans settle here after their retirement. The state is very popular among immigrants from Latin America and especially Cuba. This explains Florida’s unusually high rate of population growth.
Geography
Most of Florida is located on the peninsula of the same name between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean and the Strait of Florida. It continues to the northwest along a narrow and long strip of land jutting out into the bay. To the north it borders the states of Alabama and Georgia. Several Caribbean countries are nearby, especially the Bahamas and Cuba. Florida’s extensive coastline made it a stubborn target in World War II. The government encircles the state from end to end with airstrips. Today, approximately 400 of them are not working. The state has 131 public airports and more than 700 private airports, airstrips, helipads and naval bases.
Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River, and only Alaska and Michigan are larger in water area.
Everglades National Park
The Florida peninsula is a hollow plateau of karst limestone. A continuous system of underwater caves, karst holes and springs from end to end of the state supplies the residents with water. Calcareous limestones and sandy soils are deposited after millions of years of rising and falling sea levels. During the last ice age (12,000 BC), the lowered sea level and dry climate revealed a wide peninsula, largely desert.
The Everglades are a vast, very slow-moving wetland at the southern end of the peninsula. Because Florida does not sit on a tectonic plate, the likelihood of earthquakes is very low, but by no means impossible. In January 1879, an earthquake occurred near St. Augustine, Florida. There are no reports of strong earthquakes. There was a strong one in 1886 with the epicenter in Charleston, South Carolina. Seismic waves reached North Florida and the bell tower of St. Augustine sank. In 2006, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake 420 km southeast of Tampa shook the Gulf of Mexico.
The highest point in Florida is Britton Hill – 105 m, in the northern part of the state. This is the lowest point of all the states. Most of the counties south of Orlando are flat; in some places they reach 15 – 30 m above sea level. In central and northern Florida, 40 km from the coastline, there is a hilly, undulating topography. The altitude there reaches 30 – 76 m. The highest point on the Florida peninsula is Sugarloaf Mountain – 95 m above sea level, in Lake County. Because of its mostly flat nature, Florida is one of the places in the world most threatened by global warming.
The largest in the state and the second largest freshwater lake in continental America is Okeechobee in the central part of the peninsula. Florida was once a swampy plain, overgrown with many mangoes and inhabited by alligators. National parks: Everglades, Biscayne, Dry Tortugas.
Climate
The climate in the northern part of the state is subtropical, and in the south – tropical. The highest measured temperature was 43 °C (in 1931), the lowest was –19 °C (in 1899) near Tallahassee. The average temperature is around 32 °C. Sometimes the state is hit by tornadoes, but the most dangerous natural disaster is hurricanes. They cause billions of dollars in damage, kill people, carry off and destroy houses. From 1855 to 2006, 114 hurricanes passed through Florida, 37 of them were Category 3 or higher. Modern construction methods and accurate weather forecasting have helped reduce the amount of destruction caused by hurricanes. The strongest hurricanes are Labor Day (1935), Camilla (1969), Katrina(2005), Andrew (1986), Indianola (1886), Gustav (2008), Wilma, Irma, Donna.
Population
Florida is the fourth most populous state in the United States. In 2007, it had 18,251,000 inhabitants. Florida is the third state with the highest population growth.
Ethnicity: 76.1% White American 15.4% African American 0.3% American Indian 2.2% Asian 0.1% Hawaiian 4.3% Other 20.1% Cuban, Caribbean, etc.
Languages: English is official (76.9%), Spanish is also spoken (16.4%). The remaining 6.7% speak other languages.
Religion: Protestants predominate (40%), Roman Catholics 26%, Baptists – 9%, Methodists – 6%, Pentecostal – 3%, Muslims – 1%, other religions – 2%, atheists – 16%.
Cities
- Viero Beach
- Gainesville
- Daytona Beach
- Destin
- Jacksonville
- West Palm Beach
- Inverness
- Clearwater
- Miami
- Miami Beach
- Miramar
- Naples
- New Smyrna Beach
- Orlando
- Palm Bay
- Sarasota
- Saint Petersburg
- Tallahassee
- Tampa
- Fort Lauderdale
- Hollywood
Counties
According to Countryaah, Florida consists of 67 counties:
- Alachua
- Bey
- Baker
- Bradford
- Broward
- Brvard
- Washington
- Volusha
- Gadsden
- Gilchrist
- Glades
- Gulf
- DeSoto
- Jackson
- Jefferson
- Dixie
- Duvall
- Escambia
- Indian River
- Calhoun
- Clay
- Collier
- Colombia
- Lafayette
- Levy
- Lake
- Liberty
- Lee
- Lyon
- Manatees
- Marion
- Martin
- Miami-Dade
- Madison
- Monroe
- Naso
- The ocalusa
- Orange
- Okeechobee
- Osceola
- Palm Beach
- Pasco
- Pinellas
- Col
- Putnam
- Santa Rosa
- Sarasota
- St. John’s
- St. Lucy
- Seminole
- Citrus
- Suani
- Sumter
- Taylor
- Wakula
- Walton
- Flagler
- Franklin
- Hamilton
- Highlands
- Hardy
- Hendry
- Hernando
- Hillsborough
- Holmes
- The Charlotte
- Union
Population over the years
- 1830 – 34,730
- 1840 – 54,477
- 1850 – 87,445
- 1860 – 140,424
- 1870 – 187,748
- 1880 – 269,492
- 1890 – 391,422
- 1900 – 528,542
- 1910 – 752,619
- 1920 – 968,470
- 1930 – 1,468,211
- 1940 – 1,897,414
- 1950 – 2,771,305
- 1960 – 4,951,560
- 1970 – 6,789,443
- 1980 – 9,746,324
- 1990 – 12,937,926
- 2000 – 15,982,378
- 2007 – 18,251,243
- 2012 – 19,317,568
Tallahassee (FL)
| Country | USA |
| State | Florida |
| Area | 268 km² |
| Highness height | 62 m |
| Population | 188,107 people (2014) 702 people/km² |
| Founding | 1824 |
| ZIP code | 32300–32399, 32300, 32303, 32308, 32310, 32313, 32318, 32319, 32314, 32315, 32320, 32323, 32326, 32330, 32332, 32337, 32341, 32344, 32347, 32350, 32354, 32356, 32357, 32362, 32366, 32367, 32369, 32371, 32372, 32376, 32379, 32382, 32385, 32389, 32395, 32399 |
| Telephone code | 850 |
| Official site | www.talgov.com |
| Tallahassee | |
Location of Tallahassee in Florida.
Tallahassee (English: Tallahassee) is a city and the capital of the state of Florida in the United States. Tallahassee has a population of 188,107 inhabitants (2014) and a total area of 254.50 km². Tallahassee means “old fields” or “old town” in the Native American language. From Tallahassee is the musical group Creed.
On October 20, 1984, the famous physicist Paul Dirac died in Tallahassee, where he taught at Florida State University at the end of his life. He was buried in the local cemetery.
Twin Cities
- Krasnodar (Russia)
- Sligo (Republic of Ireland)
